Who propounded the concept of Utilitarianism?

Utilitarianism is a philosophical theory that advocates actions that promote overall happiness or pleasure as the greatest good for the greatest number. The concept was notably shaped by Jeremy Bentham, who is considered the foundational figure in the development of Utilitarian philosophy. Bentham proposed that the moral worth of an action is determined by its contribution to overall utility, essentially measuring the balance of pleasure over pain.

This theory emphasizes that moral decisions should be based on the outcomes or consequences of actions, and it seeks to maximize the overall good for the majority. Bentham introduced the idea of a "calculus of happiness," which allows individuals to weigh the potential benefits and detriments of their choices.

While the other individuals listed have made significant contributions in various fields, they are not associated with the formulation of Utilitarianism. Kent is primarily known for his work in legal theory, Maxwell's contributions are in physics, and Herzberg is recognized for his theories in motivation. Hence, the association of Utilitarianism with Jeremy Bentham is key to understanding its principles and rationale.