Which of the following best describes a stakeholder?

The definition of a stakeholder is best captured by the idea that stakeholders are individuals or groups who can affect or be affected by the actions, objectives, and policies of an organization. This broad definition encompasses a wide range of parties, including employees, customers, suppliers, shareholders, the community, and even the environment. It emphasizes the bi-directional relationship between the organization and these parties, highlighting that stakeholders not only influence the organization but also have their interests and well-being impacted by it.

This understanding is crucial because it illustrates the complexity of organizational dynamics and underscores the importance of stakeholder management. Recognizing stakeholders extends beyond just financial interests or decision-making roles; it includes anyone with a vested interest in the organization’s performance and impact.

The other options do not fully capture the broader essence of what a stakeholder entails. While some may focus narrowly on financial interests or decision-making roles, stakeholders also include individuals or groups outside of formal management structures who are connected to the organization's activities and outcomes. Therefore, the broad perspective provided in the correct answer is vital for a comprehensive understanding of stakeholder theory in business.