What type of communication refers to the flow up and down the scalar chain from superior to subordinate?

The correct answer, which is vertical communication, refers to the structured flow of information between different levels within an organization. This type of communication can move in two directions: from superiors to subordinates (downward communication) and from subordinates to superiors (upward communication). Vertical communication is essential for the relay of instructions, feedback, performance evaluations, and organizational policies, fostering an understanding of the overall goals and expectations.

This contrasts with horizontal or lateral communication, which involves communication between peers or individuals at the same level within the organization, aimed at collaboration or coordination. Formal communication typically encompasses any official communication channel, which might include both vertical and horizontal aspects, but does not specifically indicate the direction. Understanding the flow of vertical communication is crucial for effective management and organizational efficiency, as it helps maintain clarity in roles and responsibilities.