Herzberg's two-factor theory includes which of the following factors?

Herzberg's two-factor theory, also known as the motivation-hygiene theory, identifies two distinct sets of factors that affect workplace motivation and employee satisfaction: hygiene factors and motivator factors.

Hygiene factors are elements that can lead to dissatisfaction if they are absent or inadequate, but do not necessarily motivate employees if they are present. Examples of hygiene factors include company policies, supervision, salary, interpersonal relations, and working conditions.

Motivator factors, on the other hand, are related to the nature of the work itself and can lead to higher levels of motivation and satisfaction. These factors include achievement, recognition, the work itself, responsibility, and opportunities for personal growth and advancement.

Understanding this theory helps organizations to better manage employee satisfaction by recognizing that merely addressing hygiene factors is not enough to enhance motivation; they must also focus on introducing motivators that will lead to greater job satisfaction and engagement. This makes the identification of hygiene and motivator factors essential in creating a productive work environment.