Back-up controls primarily address concerns regarding which of the following?

Back-up controls are essential in ensuring that data remains accurate, reliable, and secure. These controls primarily focus on data integrity, which refers to the accuracy and consistency of data over its lifecycle. They help maintain the quality of data by providing mechanisms for recovery in case of data loss or corruption, thus ensuring that users can trust the data they are working with.

When systems encounter failures, whether due to hardware issues, software malfunctions, or user errors, back-up controls provide the means to restore lost or compromised data to its previous state. This process not only protects the data from being lost but also ensures that the retrieved data reflects true and verified information, thus preserving its integrity.

While data retrieval, system performance, and data analysis are all important aspects of data management, they do not directly pertain to the primary concern of back-up controls. Data retrieval focuses on the accessibility of data rather than its accuracy, system performance relates to how efficiently a system operates without emphasizing the correctness of data, and data analysis deals with interpreting data rather than maintaining its integrity. Therefore, the core role of back-up controls is best captured by their emphasis on ensuring data integrity.